North Macedonia

ABOUT REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA


Republic of North Macedonia is located in South-East Europe, at the centre of the Balkan Peninsula, covering 25.713км2. Its terrain is characterized with massive mountains, intersected with wide valleys and lowlands. Nearly the entire territory of Macedonia lies on the latitude of 40 and 42 and represents a transit region between the Mediterranean and continental climate. The country is bounded with Serbia and Kosovo in the North, Bulgaria in the East, Greece in the South and Albania in the West. The significance of Macedonia’s geographic position, being a central Balkan country neighbouring with five countries diverse in their potential and development, is that all of them are directed toward mutual trade and complementing economies, mainly through the territory of Republic of Macedonia.

Population

According to the official data of the 2002 census, there are Republic of North Macedonia has a population of 2.022.547, out of which 600.000 live in the capital of Skopje – the political, administrative and economic centre of North Macedonia. Other major cities are Bitola, Kumanovo, Tetovo, Ohrid, Veles, Gostivar, Shtip, Strumica, etc.

Ethnic Groups

Macedonians (64,18%), Albaninas (25,17%), Turks(3,85%), Roma (2,66%), Serbs (0,84%), Aromanians (0,48%) and other ethnic groups (1,04%).

Language

Official language in Republic of North Macedonia is Macedonian. In municipalities where ethnic groups are represented with over 20% of the total population, and official language beside Macedonian is also the language of that ethnic group.

State Currency

Macedonian Denar (MKD)

Climate

North Macedonia has moderately continental to Mediterranean climate with four distinct seasons. Along the valley of the Vardar River and the Strumica region the climate is moderately Mediterranean, while inland the climate is generally continental with hot dry summers and cold rainy winters.

Time Zone

GMT+1

MACEDONIA SQUARE

THE KALE FORTRESS

THE MEMORIAL HOUSE OF MOTHER THERESA

SKOPJE

Skopje is the capital of the Republic of North Macedonia, a city with a 2000 years old tradition, a modern city with population of almost one million and it presents N. Macedonia’s major political, economic, educational and cultural centre.

Skopje is internationally famous for being the birthplace of Mother Teresa. It has blossomed into a thriving, stimulating city to explore, defining itself as an exciting tourist destination with the 1500 years old fortress Kale, the monastery St. Pantelejmon with the fresco ”Lamentation of Christ”, with the first signs of the Renaissance, the Islamic monuments Sultan Murat’s- Hjunkar Mosque, the Daut Pasha’s bath, the beautiful quay of the river Vardar and the Old Bazaar.

In the last decade the centre of the town was transformed into an ancient civilization. Towering warrior statues, gleaming, enormous neoclassical buildings, marble-clad museums, hypnotic mega fountains and plenty of lions. Do not miss the Mother Teresa's museum and birthplace, the Stone Bridge in centre of the city, the first railway station in the Balkans, Fortress Kale built in the 6th century AD, Churches of St. Andreja-Matka and St Spas (Holy Salvation) and the Old Skopje Bazaar, the second largest Bazaar outside of Istanbul.

The Old Bazaar is a protected national landmark. The earliest known documented sources that point out to the existence of a merchant quarter on the bazaar's territory date back to the 12th century. During the Ottoman rule, the place underwent a rapid development to become city's main economic and merchant centre, evidenced by about 30 mosques, numerous caravanserais and hans, as well as other Ottoman buildings and monuments. The bazaar was heavily damaged by the earthquakes that occurred in 1555 and 1963, and the destructions caused during the First and the Second World War. Subsequently, it was reconstructed and nowadays represents the only remaining cultural monument in the Republic of N. Macedonia, which has kept its multicultural heritage of different civilizations.

NATIONAL PARK MAVROVO

Located in the western-central part of the country, the National Park of Mavrovo offers the highest mountain peaks in Macedonia, topped by the imposing Great Korab Mountain (2,764 meters or 9,069 feet high). Mavrovo’s impressive forests contain more than 100 rare species of trees, and its rugged hilltops are rich in wild herbs and teas that can be easily collected by hand. Lake Mavrovo located just beneath the ski center makes the National Park of Mavrovo a popular weekend resort all year round.

The largest artificial lake in Macedonia is part of Mavrovo National Park. Due to its elevation (over 1,000 meters, or 3,000 feet), this mountain lake sometimes freezes over in winter. Abundant with the famous trout, Lake Mavrovo also makes for an excellent swimming and boating spot in the summer months. An additional point of interest is the half-submerged church in the middle of the lake.

OHRID

The picturesque city of Ohrid is the sublime lakeside point that for many represents the culmination of the N. Macedonian experience, a kingdom of light and water, a repository of ancient ruins from N. Macedonia’s earlier kingdoms. Ohrid’s major attractions are all located within a remarkably concentrated and eminently walkable area, among and above the narrow streets of the Old Town lined with restaurants and cafés perfectly suited for relaxing in the cool summer evenings. Ohrid’s many café bars and nightclubs also make for a vibrant nightlife. Notable for once having had 365 churches, one for each day of the year, it is thus often referred to as "Jerusalem of the Balkans." Roman amphitheatre, Church of St Sophia and St Clement, Tsar Samoil's fortress and Ohrid's marketplace are some of the places to visit.

As for the lake itself, it is so large and so deep that one might mistake it for a small sea. Full range of water sports, fishing andboating is available, and numerous churches alongside Ohrid’s lake shores make for fascinating side trips and walks. The wooded ridge above the lake’s eastern shore is largely taken up by the National Park of Galichica, an unspoiled wilderness ideally suitable for nature enthusiasts. The uniqueness of Lake Ohrid and the city’s historical architecture has been attested by UNESCO, honoring it with an official designation as one of the few places on the cultural institution’s list “World Inheritance”.

BITOLA

Bitola, historically known as Monastir or Manastır, is situated in the southwestern part of the Republic of N. Macedonia. The city is an administrative, cultural, industrial, commercial, and educational centre. Its location in the southern part of the Pelagonia valley, surrounded by the Baba and Nidže mountains, 14 km north of the Medžitlija-Níki border crossing with Greece, makes it an important junction connecting the south of the Adriatic Sea with the Aegean Sea and Central Europe. Bitola is the second largest city in the country, the seat of the Bitola Municipality.

Bitola is also one of the oldest cities on the territory in the Republic of N. Macedonia. It was founded as Heraclea Lyncestis in the middle of the 4th century BC by Philip II of Macedon, after he had conquered the surrounding region of Lyncestis and incorporated it into his kingdom of Macedon. The city was named in honour of the mythological Greek hero Heracles. During the Ottoman rule the city together with Salonica were the two reigning cities of Ottoman Rumelia.

Famous for its dazzling mosaics, ancient theatre and Roman baths, Heraclea is the most vividly preserved city from the surviving Ancient Macedonian Empire in the country. Heraclea was a strategically important town during the Hellenistic period, as it was at the edge of Macedon's border with Epirus to the west, and to the non-Greek world to the north, until the middle of the 2nd century BC, when the Romans conquered Macedon and destroyed its political power.